两件毫不相关的事情,却都是一个时代的标志。后者标志着80年代以来POP巨星文化的终结,其实也是里根以来美式资本主义沉沦的象征吧。而前者则是美国新当权者试图开创新的美国世纪的标志,我们暂且称之为绿色帝国主义。该法案作了一定的妥协,但还是作出了2020年,2050年两个减排温室气体的承诺,并作出了一系列相关的能源环境制度安排,主要是以碳排放交易为中心。
放开国内立法不论,这个法案的国际部分是保护主义的,事实上也是帝国主义的。它作出了大量补贴国内绿色产业,提高电子产品、建筑器材能耗标准的规定,完全可被用于非关税壁垒。其中关于向发展中国家作出技术转移的部分更是直接规定不得以丧失美国人工作和美国境内制造为前提。
最为让人费解和难以接受的是,发案第三节所谓“国际参与”竟然规定:
- The Administrator, in consultation with the Department of State and the United States Trade Representative, shall annually prepare and certify a report to the Congress regarding whether China and India have adopted greenhouse gas emissions standards at least as strict as those standards required under this Act. If the Administrator determines that China and India have not adopted greenhouse gas emissions standards at least as stringent as those set forth in this Act, the Administrator shall notify each Member of Congress of his determination, and shall release his determination to the media.
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